| Abstract [eng] |
The key concepts of this work are: zero waste, the concept of waste hierarchy 3R, 5R, 7R, 8.0 R as the highest level of waste hierarchy, the concept of circular economy, the concept of municipal textile waste. This work reveals: the concept of zero waste ideology. It reveals the peculiarities of the application of the 3R, 5R, 7R, and 8.0 R as the highest level of the waste management hierarchy, the application of the zero waste concept and the principles and the perspectives of the principles of zero waste and the circular economy in the management of the specifics of the legal regulation of the management of textile waste. It is examined whether the legal regulation of municipal textile waste management in the national legislation is sufficient or whether the implemented legal provisions are in line with the approach of the zero waste ideology concept and the principle provisions of the methods. Zero waste, a zero waste culture, is defined as a fundamental goal of zero waste in the household, which not only includes proper waste sorting and reduction, but also encourages a different approach to consumption and a reflection on what we leave behind for future generations. The most important tool in the process of preparing waste for re-use is the sorting of the waste produced. The concept of the circular economy is understood in terms of waste being recycled, starting the cycle again, rather than going to growing landfills. The circular economy is defined as "unlike the 'take-make-dispose' model, the circular economy aims to minimise waste and resource use through intelligent product design, product reuse, repair or recycling as well as sustainable consumption, and innovative business models that offer renting, lending or sharing as an alternative to purchasing a product. When looking at the broader meanings of the concepts of the green economy and the core aspects of the zero waste ideology, it should be seen that these definitions are identical and similar in terms of conceptual principles. The circular economy alternative is a viable option to achieve a high level of sustainability without reducing the profitability of the business or the number of products and services available. The focus is on the practicalities, insights and challenges of regulating municipal textile waste in national law. The analysis of legal norms, scientific literature and other scientific sources in their totality presents that zero waste, as implemented in national law in accordance with the principle provisions of the 5Rs waste hierarchy priorities, is ineffective in textile waste management policy, and that there is insufficient legal obligation to manage textile waste. Waste management is carried out in line with waste management priorities and current environmental requirements. Waste management policies can be conditional on the most desirable solutions (prevention) and the least desirable solutions (landfill). Legislation in the waste management sector obliges waste to be managed in a way that does not adversely affect the environment or human health. Waste management promotes the priorities of the waste hierarchy, which consists of the 5Rs: responsible consumption, waste minimisation (prevention), reuse, recycling, energy recovery and landfill. |
