| Abstract [eng] |
The popularity of the athletics sprint competition and rising sports achievements, result the scientific chellenge to improve Lithuanian short distance runners’ training performance. The summarized and analyzed material about short distance runner’s L. G. training for Beijing Olympics could be used as a basic practice model for sprinters’ training. Such model could be as athletes’ training guidance for Lithuanian coaches, athletes, functionaries and scientist, which could help organize, plan and complete athletes’ training more effectively. The object of the research – the training process of short distance runner L. G. The objective of the research is to investigate peculiarities of sprinter’s L. G. training for Beijing Olympics and the changing of her sports achievements during the four years Olympic cycle. Methods applied in the thesis: the analysis of scientific and methodical literature, one case analysis, document analysis (training plans of the athlete, statistics, competition protocols), measurement, testing (measurement of physical development, testing of physical fitness), and mathematical statistic. The thesis estimates that short distance runner L. G. fully accomplished the individual preparation program for Beijing Olympics. Comparing the subject-matter of the athlete’s training load, training structure and training methods with the data supplied by the other authors (Bondarenko, 1999; Tabachnik, 1988), it is being defined that the mentioned training components match the essential foreign short distance runners’ training methods. However, the training load of the investigated athlete, still prevail comparing it with the world’s greatest short distance runners’ training load. It was identified that the physical load of L. G. estimated 1956,6 hours. The average training of the athlete was 229,7 days per year. During the four years training macro cycle it estimated 919 days. During the four years preparation cycle the multiple race of maximum and submaximal speed was predominant. The total of 378711 meters were raced under this race method. It was identified that runner L. G. completed: jump exercises 5754 times, raced with external resistance for 12120 meters and completed weight lifting exercises with 99256 kilograms. The most time of 37770 minutes for the general physical fitness training the athlete was spent during the last four years cycle. It was ascertained that during the four years training cycle the indexes of runner’s L. G. physical development were altering slightly, however, the index of the general body mass and the index of fat mass were subject to decrease closer to the period of competition. On the other hand, the muscle mass was increasing. It was ascertained that the physical load, applied during the analysed period, did not have the great influence to the physical development. However, it had a positive influence to the physical capability. The sprinter gained a better training ability, but she also achieved a higher working power in the tests of velocity-power and velocity. It was identified that during the four years Olympic cycle L. G. 100 meter race results were improving from 11,59 sec. to 11,33 sec. The best results were achieved in the Olympic year. The personal best result of the athlete was achieved at the Olympics, resulting the 14th place. The hypothesis of the given research was comfirmed. The effective management of a high mastersfip sprinters’ training is possible, when the objective information about various aspects of the preparation is known. |
