| Abstract [eng] |
Arminas Mockevičius, student of Public Law Master Degree programme, has written Master Degree final work named “The evolution of legal regulation of demand and supply of alcohol and tobacco in the Republic of Lithuania: problems and solutions”. The work was written in Vilnius, Faculty of Law, Institute of Constitutional and Administrative Law at Mykolas Romeris University, p. 98, under the leadership of Gintautas Vilkelis. The purpose of this work is to disclose the evolution of legal regulation of demand and supply of alcohol and tobacco in the Republic of Lithuania, furthermore to disclose the most effective legal measures to reduce the supply and demand of alcohol and tobacco, to achieve this purpose there were raised goals: to analyse the evolution of legal regulation of demand and supply of alcohol and tobacco and to discover the relation between legal regulation of alcohol and tobacco throw various times of Lithuania, set up a connection between variance of legal regulation of supply and demand of alcohol and tobacco, and the change of consumption of alcohol and tobacco, to analyse legal practice of Law on Alcohol Control and Law on Tobacco Control, analyse social, statistical and scientific researches which were accomplished in scope of alcohol and tobacco control and to make appropriate recommendations. In order to achieve the purpose of work and to analyse tasks were used comparative historical, Summarizing, Critical Analysis, Teleological, Logical-analytical, Alternative, the analysis of causalities, analysis of the multiannual, Systemic analysis, Multifactorial analysis, Statistical analysis, Deduction, Chat-interview, Questionnaire –interview, Legal documents analysis methods. Research showed that the consumption of alcohol more or less was regulated using various instruments in all times in all history, however tobacco control was started to control only in the XX century. The regulation of the consumption of alcohol was different in various periods in Lithuania, it depended in which state govern Lithuania. When Lithuania regained independence, in both periods – after World War 2 and after 1990 the legal regulation of demand and supply of alcohol and tobacco was very strict, but throw time it has systematically been liberalized till World War 2 and in present Lithuania till 2008, until the new strict means were adopted because of consequences of the consumption of alcohol. In conclusion of graphical analysis it is proved that the number of shops in particular area influence the poverty level in the region, additionally after the interview of foreign experts was identified that the legal regulation of alcohol control in European Union is not sufficient, however the rules of tobacco control is set European Union level and it is compulsory for all the member states. After the interviews of Lithuanian experts it was noticed that the level of smuggling in Lithuania is not significant and unrecorded alcohol is only 6 percent of all alcohol market. There are plenty of international and other states researches which shows effective alcohol and tobacco control interventions, though there are not enough researches about Lithuania. There were many problems which are important in our region. Research that was accomplished shows that goals which are provided in Law on Alcohol Control and Law on Tobacco Control, and which are to reduce the consumption of alcohol and tobacco is not achieved because of chaotic, inconsistent changes of legal acts. The consumption of alcohol and tobacco was only increasing after these legal acts were adopted, so result was contrary that had been pursued. After changes of legal acts analysis, become obviously, that there was not putting attention to those problems which are really important. The evolution of legal regulation shows that the means of controlling alcohol were far more stricter in interwar Lithuania but nowadays as it is already clear the tobacco controls actions are stricter than the controls that is responsible for alcohol. Considering to conclusions and to the results of research there were suggested possible methods to solve the problems, which are related to licencing, alcohol advertisement, the accessibility of alcohol and tobacco products to minors, excise duty, the adoption of legal norms of alcohol control in European Union level. To implement recommendations there were prepared 6 projects of legal acts. |
