| Abstract [eng] |
The lack of conceptual and method-based attitude to student's entrepreneurship development is a relevant and a scientific problem to be solved. The scientific problem -- how to develop the entrepreneurship of students in the level of higher educational institutions, by activating intentions of own business establishment -- is analysed in this article. The object of research is entrepreneurship development of students in West Lithuania Region. The goal of the research is to build a model of entrepreneurship development by indicating factors, influencing students' intentions of own business establishment, on which basis the perspective trends of entrepreneurship development of students in Lithuania could be foreseen. While seeking a formulised goal, the specific tasks of this research are the following: * To analyse scientific literature, analysing the concept of entrepreneurship. * To indicate critical factors, inducing individual's entrepreneurship. * To identify personal features and skills, required for students' entrepreneurship development. To provide proposals how to improve a process of entrepreneurship development in Higher Educational Institutions of West Lithuania. Methods of scientific research Scientific literature analysis, systemization, synthesis, generalisation and comparative methods are used for theoretical researches. In order to receive information on students' entrepreneurship development, a direct data collection by interviewing target group of research was carried out. SPSS program was used for research data summarization and quantitative data processing methods were applied. Descriptive statistics methods were applied to setting and evaluation of significant factors of entrepreneurship development, an interpretation of average evaluation was calculated. A concept of entrepreneurship development is based on two differentiated opinions of entrepreneurship development opportunities in scientific researches. A part of authors support a position (Vesper, 1982; kantor, 1988; Jack and Anderson, 1998; Adcroft, Wills and Dhaliwal, 2004), that by mean of management studies students may be trained for technical skills, but natural individual's entrepreneurship features may not be influenced. Authors (Gorman, Hanlon and king, 1997; Gibb, 1999; Rae and carswell, 2001; Wild, 2004; Leger-Jarniou, 2005; fayolle and Gailly, 2008) state, that entrepreneurship may be taught or at least an individual may be encouraged to start business establishment. Others relate a leaning to entrepreneurship to human nature, but stress the possibility to change an entrepreneurship level of individual (Saee, 1996; Henry, Hill and Leitch, 2005; Garalis, Strazdienė, 2006). It is offered to transform entrepreneurship development from teaching towards development attitude, as the authors A. fayolle and B. Gailly (2008) say, teaching is useful while enduing individual with required knowledge, since an entrepreneurship must be related to definition of development. Expression of entrepreneurship's development possibilities is related to students' need to start own business. Application of attitude of practical activity creates a possibility to develop potential entrepreneurs (Blieck, 2005; kyrö, 2005). While formulating goals of entrepreneurship development in higher educational institution it is essential to clearly define them by combining with a result, to be achieved. Selected goals influence studying methods and means. Although method of lectures' procedures is widespread in management and administration studies field, however, as theoretical and practical analysis show, it is of low efficient while activating behavior of enterprising students. Being activating students' intentions of own business establishment it is a possibility to influence them within integration of business and entrepreneurs into process of studying and wider analy- sis of cases as well as usage of methods in participating in specific projects. Efficiency of students' entrepre- neurship development in the aspect of intentions of own business establishment, with reference to research carried out in this dissertation, increase while applying practical activities, where possibilities to study for students and entrepreneurs are built. By offering subjects, encouraging entrepreneurship development of students in Lithuania, it is important to create system of efficiency control, where career intentions of a student could be evaluated. Evaluating changes of personal features and efficiency of applied methods and activating students' intentions of own business establishment, as it was set data during the analysis of this dissertation, must compose components of control system. By increasing efficiency of business management programs, they must be supplemented by subjects, encouraging new business opportunities, as well as helping to recognize and use them. It is offered to relate a trend of entrepreneurship development to development of personal and application features. While developing students' entrepreneurship, development of competences must be formed by developing their perception, skills and knowledge, positive attitude and motivation to own business establishment. Training of entrepreneurship skills and presentation of knowledge determine a framework of individual's strength of creative potential, which an individual may use while discovering new possibilities of own business establishment. Perception of entrepreneurship in the context of entrepreneurs "making" and "being" provides with a reason of dual development of entrepreneurship. Acquired knowledge and skills are more significant for business "making", and "being" an entrepreneur is related to an attitude to own business and internal motivation of individual. However, only presentation of knowledge and training of skills will not compose assumptions to individual to overcome internal barriers of fear and pessimistic moods, while realising potential intentions of own business establishment. It is necessary to propagate rules of optimistic attitude towards own business establishment while training individual's entrepreneurship development. |
