Tracking five millennia of horse management with extensive ancient genome time series

Antoine Fages; Kristian Hanghøj; Naveed Khan; Charleen Gaunitz; Andaine Seguin-Orlando; Michela Leonardi; Christian McCrory Constantz; Cristina Gamba; Khaled A.S Al-Rasheid; Silvia Albizuri; Ahmed H Alfarhan; Morten Allentoft; Saleh Alquraishi; David Anthony; Nurbol Baimukhanov; James H Barrett; Jamsranjav Bayarsaikhan; Norbert Benecke; Eloísa Bernáldez-Sánchez; Luis Berrocal-Rangel; Fereidoun Biglari; Sanne Boessenkool; Bazartseren Boldgiv; Gottfried Brem; Dorcas Brown; Joachim Burger; Eric Crubézy; Linas Daugnora; Hossein Davoudi; Peter de Barros Damgaard; María de los Ángeles de Chorro y de Villa-Ceballos; Sabine Deschler-Erb; Cleia Detry; Nadine Dill; Maria do Mar Oom; Anna Dohr; Sturla Ellingvåg; Diimaajav Erdenebaatar; Homa Fathi; Sabine Felkel; Carlos Fernández-Rodríguez; Esteban García-Viñas; Mietje Germonpré; José D Granado; Jón H Hallsson; Helmut Hemmer; Michael Hofreiter; Aleksei Kasparov; Mutalib Khasanov; Roya Khazaeli; Pavel Kosintsev; Kristian Kristiansen; Tabaldiev Kubatbek; Lukas Kuderna; Pavel Kuznetsov; Haeedeh Laleh; Jennifer A Leonard; Johanna Lhuillier; Corina Liesau von Lettow-Vorbeck; Andrey Logvin; Lembi Lõugas; Arne Ludwig; Cristina Luis; Ana Margarida Arruda; Tomas Marques-Bonet; Raquel Matoso Silva; Victor Merz; Enkhbayar Mijiddorj; Bryan K Miller; Oleg Monchalov; Fatemeh A Mohaseb; Arturo Morales; Ariadna Nieto-Espinet; Heidi Nistelberger; Vedat Onar; Albína H Pálsdóttir; Vladimir Pitulko; Konstantin Pitskhelauri; Mélanie Pruvost; Petra Rajic Sikanjic; Anita Rapan Papeša; Natalia Roslyakova; Alireza Sardari; Eberhard Sauer; Renate Schafberg; Amelie Scheu; Jörg Schibler; Angela Schlumbaum; Nathalie Serrand; Aitor Serres-Armero; Beth Shapiro; Shiva Sheikhi Seno; Irina Shevnina; Sonia Shidrang; John Southon; Bastiaan Star; Naomi Sykes; Kamal Taheri; William Taylor; Wolf-Rüdiger Teegen; Tajana Trbojević Vukičević; Simon Trixl; Dashzeveg Tumen; Sainbileg Undrakhbold; Emma Usmanova; Ali Vahdati; Silvia Valenzuela-Lamas; Catarina Viegas; Barbara Wallner; Jaco Weinstock; Victor Zaibert; Benoit Clavel; Sébastien Lepetz; Marjan Mashkour; Agnar Helgason; Kári Stefánsson; Eric Barrey; Eske Willerslev; Alan K Outram; Pablo Librado; Ludovic Orlando

doi:10.1016/j.cell.2019.03.049

Title	Tracking five millennia of horse management with extensive ancient genome time series
Authors	Fages, Antoine ; Hanghøj, Kristian ; Khan, Naveed ; Gaunitz, Charleen ; Seguin-Orlando, Andaine ; Leonardi, Michela ; McCrory Constantz, Christian ; Gamba, Cristina ; Al-Rasheid, Khaled A.S ; Albizuri, Silvia ; Alfarhan, Ahmed H ; Allentoft, Morten ; Alquraishi, Saleh ; Anthony, David ; Baimukhanov, Nurbol ; Barrett, James H ; Bayarsaikhan, Jamsranjav ; Benecke, Norbert ; Bernáldez-Sánchez, Eloísa ; Berrocal-Rangel, Luis ; Biglari, Fereidoun ; Boessenkool, Sanne ; Boldgiv, Bazartseren ; Brem, Gottfried ; Brown, Dorcas ; Burger, Joachim ; Crubézy, Eric ; Daugnora, Linas ; Davoudi, Hossein ; de Barros Damgaard, Peter ; de Chorro y de Villa-Ceballos, María de los Ángeles ; Deschler-Erb, Sabine ; Detry, Cleia ; Dill, Nadine ; do Mar Oom, Maria ; Dohr, Anna ; Ellingvåg, Sturla ; Erdenebaatar, Diimaajav ; Fathi, Homa ; Felkel, Sabine ; Fernández-Rodríguez, Carlos ; García-Viñas, Esteban ; Germonpré, Mietje ; Granado, José D ; Hallsson, Jón H ; Hemmer, Helmut ; Hofreiter, Michael ; Kasparov, Aleksei ; Khasanov, Mutalib ; Khazaeli, Roya ; Kosintsev, Pavel ; Kristiansen, Kristian ; Kubatbek, Tabaldiev ; Kuderna, Lukas ; Kuznetsov, Pavel ; Laleh, Haeedeh ; Leonard, Jennifer A ; Lhuillier, Johanna ; von Lettow-Vorbeck, Corina Liesau ; Logvin, Andrey ; Lõugas, Lembi ; Ludwig, Arne ; Luis, Cristina ; Arruda, Ana Margarida ; Marques-Bonet, Tomas ; Matoso Silva, Raquel ; Merz, Victor ; Mijiddorj, Enkhbayar ; Miller, Bryan K ; Monchalov, Oleg ; Mohaseb, Fatemeh A ; Morales, Arturo ; Nieto-Espinet, Ariadna ; Nistelberger, Heidi ; Onar, Vedat ; Pálsdóttir, Albína H ; Pitulko, Vladimir ; Pitskhelauri, Konstantin ; Pruvost, Mélanie ; Rajic Sikanjic, Petra ; Rapan Papeša, Anita ; Roslyakova, Natalia ; Sardari, Alireza ; Sauer, Eberhard ; Schafberg, Renate ; Scheu, Amelie ; Schibler, Jörg ; Schlumbaum, Angela ; Serrand, Nathalie ; Serres-Armero, Aitor ; Shapiro, Beth ; Sheikhi Seno, Shiva ; Shevnina, Irina ; Shidrang, Sonia ; Southon, John ; Star, Bastiaan ; Sykes, Naomi ; Taheri, Kamal ; Taylor, William ; Teegen, Wolf-Rüdiger ; Trbojević Vukičević, Tajana ; Trixl, Simon ; Tumen, Dashzeveg ; Undrakhbold, Sainbileg ; Usmanova, Emma ; Vahdati, Ali ; Valenzuela-Lamas, Silvia ; Viegas, Catarina ; Wallner, Barbara ; Weinstock, Jaco ; Zaibert, Victor ; Clavel, Benoit ; Lepetz, Sébastien ; Mashkour, Marjan ; Helgason, Agnar ; Stefánsson, Kári ; Barrey, Eric ; Willerslev, Eske ; Outram, Alan K ; Librado, Pablo ; Orlando, Ludovic
DOI	10.1016/j.cell.2019.03.049
Full Text
Is Part of	Cell.. Cambridge : Cell Press. 2019, vol. 177, iss. 6, p. 1419-1435, e1-e31.. ISSN 0092-8674. eISSN 1097-4172
Keywords [eng]	ancient DNA ; animal breeding ; diversity ; domestication ; equestrian civilizations ; extinct lineages ; horses ; management ; mules ; selection
Abstract [eng]	Horse domestication revolutionized warfare and accelerated travel, trade, and the geographic expansion of languages. Here, we present the largest DNA time series for a non-human organism to date, including genome-scale data from 149 ancient animals and 129 ancient genomes (≥1-fold coverage), 87 of which are new. This extensive dataset allows us to assess the modern legacy of past equestrian civilizations. We find that two extinct horse lineages existed during early domestication, one at the far western (Iberia) and the other at the far eastern range (Siberia) of Eurasia. None of these contributed significantly to modern diversity. We show that the influence of Persian-related horse lineages increased following the Islamic conquests in Europe and Asia. Multiple alleles associated with elite-racing, including at the MSTN “speed gene,” only rose in popularity within the last millennium. Finally, the development of modern breeding impacted genetic diversity more dramatically than the previous millennia of human management. Genome-wide data from 278 ancient equids provide insights into how ancient equestrian civilizations managed, exchanged, and bred horses and indicate vast loss of genetic diversity as well as the existence of two extinct lineages of horses that failed to contribute to modern domestic animals.
Published	Cambridge : Cell Press
Type	Journal article
Language	English
Publication date	2019
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„Tracking five millennia of horse management with extensive ancient genome time series“