| Abstract [eng] |
Traditional crafts are the part of the ethnic culture, their cognition starts in the family and continues at school, where students are taught to feel the balance between ethnic culture‘s traditions and modern culture. One of the questions of nowadays education politics is modification of education programs, which are related with ethnic education at school. Documents which regulate government ethnic culture‘s and education politics accent importance of ethnic culture‘s, traditional crafts continuity and development, revival and popularization forms of crafts activities in the education institutions. In the works of researchers (Trinkūninenė, 2016; Povilaitis 2016; and others) there is stressed topicality of traditional crafts’ education. In this work the problematical question is what are the possibilities for students to learn traditional Lithuanian crafts? The object of the research is the education of traditional Lithuanian crafts at primary school. The purpose of the research is to reveal the possibilities of the education of traditional Lithuanian crafts at primary school (The case of Klaipeda region). Aims: 1) to analyze traditional Lithuanian crafts conception and features; 2) to study theoretical assumptions of students traditional Lithuanian folk crafts education at primary school; 3) to explore the opinion of teachers‘ and traditional Lithuanian craft masters‘ about traditional Lithuanian crafts‘ education possibilities for primary school students. Methods: the analysis of scientific literature and analysis of documents content, comparative analysis, filing, half – structural interview, analysis of the content, summarizing results of the research. In the first part there are analyzed theoretical aspects of the education of traditional Lithuanian crafts at primary school. There are revealed that the education of traditional Lithuanian crafts at primary school is integrated in formal ethnic culture‘s education or we can find it in formal activities. If we compare offer of formal and informal education of traditional Lithuanian crafts in Klaipeda‘s region, possibilities of informal education are bigger and more various then in primary school. In the second part there is given methodology of qualitative research, which was chose to realize, to describe consistently interactions which acts in the real environment, to define the main features for these interactions, to recognize people action‘s strategies and experience. To make the research was chose method of half structural interview as one of the most convenient and the most reliable, which can give more unstructured information about searching problem. Interview was done with 11 primary school teachers and 4 masters of traditional Lithuanian crafts. Interview was recorded in Dictaphone, the conversations were transcribed and results of the research were analyzed by method of content analysis. In the third part there are given the results of qualitative research. On primary school teachers’ and masters of the traditional Lithuanian crafts opinion ethnic culture is important part in primary school students’ education which should be understood and kept. At primary school crafts‘ education fulfills in formal way, when crafts‘ elements are integrated in art, lessons of the world cognition, technologies‘ lessons and informal way, when crafts‘ education is found in various fests, cultural events and excursions, visiting museums. At primary school students are taught crafts of ceramics, textile, traditional food cooking and candle making. Primary school students have possibilities to know theoretically and to try practically different crafts in the museums, in the centers of the crafts, in the excursions of crafts centers and in the exhibitions. In Klaipeda‘s region there is organized informal education of crafts for primary school students in different ethno culture camps and in summer schools. Folk masters can teach primary school students about crafts as well as primary school teachers, but they have much more possibilities to create proper environment for education. If we compare the offer of education of traditional Lithuanian crafts for primary school students, the possibilities of informal education is more various then formal education. Primary school teachers and folk crafts‘ masters of Klaipeda region disseminate information about folk crafts in different ways (outings, excursions and so on), teachers improve their qualification about traditional Lithuanian folk crafts, but primary school students‘ education is not suitable enough to ensure valuable realization for this part of ethno culture education (crafts) at primary school. |
