| Abstract [eng] |
Relevance of the research. One of the key parts of successful aging is physical health. Many studies have shown that physical activity has a positive effect on a person's mental health, prevents the onset of chronic diseases and reduces their consequences, strengthens overall health and body function - endurance. As the number of older people increases, it is necessary to look for ways and comprehensively analyze the significance of physical capacity for the health and quality of life of older people. Research is needed to reveal the effects of physical activity on the physical capacity and health of older people (Marganavičiūtė, 2007). The object of the research is the physical capacity of older people and its change. Investigation problem. As the number of older people increases, there is a need to find ways and comprehensively analyze the importance of physical capacity for the health and quality of life of older people. Therefore, research is needed to reveal the lifestyle of older people and its impact on the physical capacity and health of older people. Hypothesis: The physical capacity of older people living in Lithuania deteriorates with age and is lower than the physical capacity of the same age and gender population living abroad. The aim of the study was to evaluate the physical capacity of older people and its change. Research tasks: 1. To analyze changes in the physical capacity of older people as they age. 2. Discuss the concept of physical capacity and its related components. 3. To assess the physical capacity of older people and its change. Research methods: 1. Analysis of scientific literature sources. 2. Testing. 3. Mathematical statistics. Seniors of Klaipėda Third Century University were invited to participate in the study. The study was conducted in 2019. Several dates were set aside for the study: March 1, March 15, March 29, April 5, and April 12. In the gym of Klaipeda University, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities. The study involved 62 seniors: 58 women and 4 men. The study found that the physical capacity of older people in Lithuania is good in terms of age and gender. In order to achieve good results and get closer to the norms indicated in the test in 6 minutes, a small number of respondents were lucky in the walking test. Overall, the result is unsatisfactory in terms of both gender and age. Conclusions: 1. As we age, biological changes take place in the human body, leading to structural changes and functional disorders. "Aging organs lose their function", can no longer ensure the optimal functional needs of the body and cause a variety of concerns. The most noticeable changes in human organs occur in the heart, lungs and inks - the size of lost stock skirtings for humans and the floor organs are individual and different. Changes occur slowly and over a long period of time. 2. Physical fitness determines health-related factors such as flexibility, endurance, body composition, agility, balance, coordination and speed. Components of physical capacity - agility is carried out quickly, taking into account the constant stability, balance and maintenance of the environment, - coordination - movements are carried out with changing cases, and speed is one of the judicial results. 3. Applying the testing methodology of Debra J. Rose (2018) and assessing the physical capacity of older people, it was found that both the I (60–70 years) and II (71–89) age group chair-standing test were performed excellently. The results of the study obtained with the arm-lift test showed that the performance was excellent between the I and II age groups, which were evaluated according to the norms established in the test. The results obtained when assessing upper body mobility and lower body flexibility showed that the results in centimeters differed between age groups I and II, but the difference between the groups was not statistically significant. In terms of endurance in the elderly and in the 6-minute walk test, the results of our subjects were not as good as in all other tests performed in both age groups I and II, and a statistically significant difference was found between these groups (p = 0.017). When assessing the dexterity of our subjects and performing a mobility test (distance 2.44 m), in both age groups I and II, our subjects showed better results than the norms of this test. Assessing the physical capacity of older people and its changes, it was found that the physical capacity of our older people deteriorated with age, as in all tests the results of age group II were worse than those of group I subjects, but in most cases higher than in foreign countries. the physical capacity of the population of the same age and sex. |
