| Abstract [eng] |
Although trafficking in human beings is not a new issue of our society as its history reach ancient times, it becomes especially important because of increasing scope of migration influenced by economic crisis in Europe and worldwide. Thus it is essential to promote awareness raising campaigns in order to decrease the scope, however not less important is assistance for victims of this crime. Assistance and integration for victims of human trafficking are one of the main principles of the EU policy in the counter-trafficking field. One of the most important steps of successful victims integration into society is entering into employment, thus victims of human trafficking (re-)integration into the labour market was chosen as an object of the research. The aim of the research is to study the phenomenon of human trafficking focusing on the social policy measures in victims of human trafficking (re-)integration into the labour market process in Austria, Finland and Lithuania. During the study a scientific literature review of the research object and analysis of secondary data and statistics are done. In order to reveal experts’ and victims of human trafficking personal experience in (re-)integration into the labour market process, a qualitative research method was chosen. 11 specialists and 2 victims were questioned by semi-structured interviews in Austria, Finland and Lithuania. The data of the research is analysed by a phenomenology approach. A research reveals that issue of human trafficking is being solved both in legislation and practical level. Austria, Finland and Lithuania implement counter-trafficking policies, meanwhile NGOs of the countries play active role in victims (re-)integration into the labour market process in practice. As it is revealed Austria, Finland and Lithuania are treated as transit and destination countries for victims of human trafficking. Thus an importance of social citizenship in victims (re-)integration into labour market process was turned out. It is also confirmed that welfare state regimes have an impact for social services provision which influences victims of human trafficking (re-)integration into labour market process. After the interviews with experts it was found out that victims (re-)integration would be more successfully if some changes in the legislation level were done, as well as NGOs should receive more support from the Government. Thus a hypothesis that collaboration among governmental institutions and NGOs must be strengthened is confirmed. Finally victims of human trafficking experience show that how effective their integration depends not only on the assistance they receive during the rehabilitation programme, but not less important is their strong will and motivation to seek changes in their lives. Structure of the study: first part is devoted for presentation of the phenomenon of victims of human trafficking in the EU; social citizenship as a prerequisite for assistance and impact of welfare state regime for social provision for victims of human trafficking are discussed in the second part; victims of human trafficking (re-)integration into the labour market in Austria, Finland and Lithuania both in legislation and practical level are presented; finally the last part of the study experts and victims personal experience of the study object is presented. |
