| Abstract [eng] |
Recently, most countries are discussing on the implementation of climate change mitigation measures and new technologies to reduce emissions. Mitigating climate change through the transformation of energy and other industries is the focus of Europe's Green Deal – a package of measures to become the world's first climate-neutral continent by 2050. The energy sector is important for industry, commerce and the well-being of society, as well as for personal convenience and mobility. But its production and consumption are posing serious environmental problems: concentrations of greenhouse gases and air pollutants are increasing in the atmosphere, leading to climate change. The energy sector is considered a policy priority and is one of the main areas of development targeted by the Europe 2020 objectives, which aim to develop sustainable energy at European Union level by reducing the economy's dependence on fossil fuels and by shifting to resource-efficient and low-carbon technologies as the basis for a climate-neutral European Union policy. Innovative energy technologies can accelerate fundamental changes in our energy sector towards clean energy. In the development of a clean energy system, the active participation of consumers helps to create an energy-efficient culture combined with innovative technological solutions and initiatives, but the transition to a climate-neutral economy needs to be a sustainable one, i.e. socially equitable, and must not leave behind the most vulnerable in society. It is therefore important to study the impact of energy policy changes on public welfare in the context of the concept of public welfare content. Such an assessment would allow the identification of the groups of society that benefit or are harmed, and the advantages and disadvantages of the measures taken. Thus, the research results expand the knowledge on behavioural economics, which could help to explain how individual members of society, groups of people and society as a whole perceive energy policy initiatives, and the reasons that lead them to change, or not to change their behaviours. Moreover, the findings have significant implications for the direction of energy policy change, for the development of sustainable energy, sustainable societies and sustainable country. The purpose of this paper is to explore the main theoretical aspects of energy science, innovative energy technologies and public welfare by reviewing literature systematically. |
