| Abstract [eng] |
Crimes committed by the use of firearms by its nature and danger often lead to repercussions in society. Expeditiously handled information, which is stored in one of specialised registers of a forensic registration system – in forensic collections of bullets and shells, is essential for more effective detection of crimes as well as for verification of hypotesis during investigations. Until such collections were not big, manually performed checks of weapons, bullets and shells fully satisfied the needs of investigators. However, the increase in the extent of bullets and shells collections and in the number of checks in these collections led to prolonged and not sufficiently effective manually performed checks of legally held weapons. One of the ways of dealing with this problem is installation of automated ballistic identification systems. Worldwide automated ballistic identification systems were started being installed in 1991, whereas in Lithuania it has been used since 2003. The system of forensic registration and its importance for crime investigation is reviewed in this graduate study. The concept of firearm identification as well as firearms traces left on bullets and tubes also the mechanism of its formation, characteristics and identification value are analyzed. The automated ballistic identification systems „DRUGFIRE®\", \"IBIS®\", \"TAIS\", \"EVOFINDER®“, „ARSENAL“, their objectives, principles of operation, structures and their potential are analyzed. The bullets and shells collections handled in Lithuania are analyzed, the work practice of automated ballistic identification systems is examined, the problems of their operation are revealed and the ways of solutions of the problems are provided, the development trends of these systems are reviewed. Final conclusions and proposals for elimination of weaknesses of automated ballistic identification system installed in Lithuania and proposals for the rationalization of the work with the bullets and shells collection handled in Lithuania are provided in the final part of this graduate study. |
