| Abstract [eng] |
There is the stage and never – ending discussion whether the role of theatre is for the child’s self – development, game, an artistic self – expression or whether it should help to reveal inborn abilities and develop theatrical skills. School theater in Lithuanian culture has got two prominent tendencies. One of them is the classical educational student theater developed by Society of Jesus; another – the contemporary children and teenagers’ play theater which works in youth clubs and schools. In both cases, theater is not the aim, but the way for a young person to reveal oneself and find their inborn expression strengths. According to long – time practice at work, there are attempts made to concentrate on the methods which help reduce stress while using individual and personal experience of thematic play and improvisation. First of all, this thesis presents the current situation of the school theater, the research on the public views to the theater as the teaching method is given, some conditions, such as planned or intentional, which may disrupt work are mentioned. The most important part consists of the analysis of the application of contemporary school theater forms and methods. The main form of school activity is the lesson. The integration of theater in lessons expands its possibilities. The Soviet theater pedagogy applied only one method of Stanislavsky system. Many of its components, such as reincarnation, are specific and may be applied just in professional theater. While working with the youngest group of schoolchildren, it is not always possible to apply such complicated methods even by professionals. Classical play methods suggested by Geniušas are invoked. Children theater transforms into family theater and folk acting methodology adds. The most difficult task is the transformation into teenagers’ theater. It is not enough to suggest play situations for educated youth. They are attracted by a working idea. Thinking is as an action. The cultural anthropology or myths are invoked. The analysis of the mythical, historical and the detection of present equivalences partly compensate playfulness; childish passion turns into summarized wisdom. Young view shifts to classical values without didactics. Public speaking or literature reading method is of vital importance to the self – expression of a young personality. It is very complicated to define how important theater or rhetoric there is. It is especially difficult to establish the criteria of evaluation in various level contests or public reading. In many cases there are different rules created, therefore, schoolchildren do not understand what reading aims and ways are appropriate. Because of the limits for this thesis, the chapter about word, text and composition is in appendix chapter. |
