| Abstract [eng] |
The research of risky decision making in the field of time pressure suggests, that under time pressure riskier decisions are made. The present statement can also be explained by dual process theory. Kahneman (2015) refers to two systems in the mind, System 1 and system 2: System 1 operates automatically and quickly, with little or no effort and no sense of voluntary control; System 2 allocates attention to the effortful mental activities that demand it, including complex computations. Therefore, the present research was accomplished due to the aim to find out risky decision making among high school and university students in limited and unlimited time conditions. Survey was administered including three choice dilemmas (created by author of master's thesis according principles of Kogan and Wallach (1964)), evaluating risky decision making in social, academic and ethic areas of risk; four groups post-test experimental design was applied (group 1 was formed of high school students, who rate choice dilemmas in limited time conditions; group 2 was formed of high school students, who rate choice dilemmas in unlimited time conditions; group 3 was formed of university students, who rate choice dilemmas in limited time conditions; group 4 was formed of university students, who rate choice dilemmas in unlimited time conditions). Research involved 81 students from high school and university (age range from 15 to 24 years old). Data were analysed using IBM SPSS Statistics 24 software. Two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to identify risky decision making differences among high school and university students in limited and unlimited time conditions; Student T-Test, Mann-Whitney criteria, Friedman and Kruskal-Wallis criteria was used to identify other differences of variables. No risky decision making differences in limited and unlimited time conditions were found. However, high school students make riskier decisions than university students (F = 4.922; p < 0.05). Moreover, risky decision making differences, related to sex were found. |
