| Abstract [eng] |
Unilateral act is a kind of legal fact, by which legal rights and obligations might be created, changed or taken to the end. The consequences by unilateral act may be caused only by one person's will. This method is an extraordinary way of reglamentation in civil law, as civil law is based on the principles of consensus and freedom of participants' in legal relations. Unilateral act causes legal consequences for the person who has made it – the others will get rights and obligations only with their agreement or by law. Unilateral acts vary in different areas of civil relations – there are some in inheritance field (a will, an acceptance of inheritance), in contract law (an offer, discharge of contract by one party's will) and they might appear on the other basis, as for example the making of a bill. Theoretical definition and revealing of unilateral acts' distinctive features can only be done by investigating such kind of legal facts in general. The practice of applying unilateral acts and resulting problems can be described only by looking at each type of acts separately. |
